Freedom of expression is one of the fundamental human rights guaranteed by both the constitution and international law. In the digital era, this right has taken a new form through social media as a primary platform for expressing public opinion. However, technological advancements also bring new challenges, such as the misuse of free speech through the spread of hoaxes, hate speech, and defamation. This study aims to analyze how the concept of freedom of expression is guaranteed in national law, the challenges of law enforcement related to violations of free speech on social media, and the efforts made by the government and society to create responsible freedom of expression. The research method used is a normative juridical approach by examining relevant legislation and legal literature. The findings indicate that although freedom of expression is protected by the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, its implementation in social media remains hindered by the application of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE), which often leads to multiple interpretations. Therefore, synergy among the government, law enforcement authorities, and society is essential to strengthen digital literacy and reform existing regulations so that freedom of expression can be realized fairly and responsibly in the digital space.