Upland rice is one of Indonesia's local genetic resources, and one of the provinces with several upland rice cultivars is Gorontalo Province. A study evaluating agronomic performance and the response of new local varieties is necessary for first conservation purposes and to assist the selection process in the rice breeding program. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance and response of local Gorontalo upland rice to pests and diseases. The study used a randomized block design with five treatments of local Gorontalo rice genotypes: Ponelo, Pulo, Ponda, Buruna Kuning, and Pale Da'a. Each treatment was repeated three times. The research results showed that the agronomic performance, such as plant height, harvest age, and number of filled grains, significantly differs among varieties. Agronomic performance, such as the number of filled grains and flowering age, has a high and positive correlation with the weight of 1000 grains. The number of filled grains has a positive correlation with flowering age. Response of all varieties to pests and disease is moderate until high based on the symptoms of damage due to bacterial leaf blight, brown planthopper, stem borer, and black rice bug.